Gambling is any game in which you stake something of value on an outcome of chance, usually money, with the intent of winning a prize. The term “gambling” is also used to describe a wide variety of other types of risky, chance-based activities, such as lotteries and sporting events. The vast majority of adults and adolescents who gamble do so without a problem, but some people develop gambling disorders (defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as persistent and recurrent betting behavior that causes significant distress or impairment).
While most people think of casinos or racetracks when they hear the word gambling, it can happen in many other places, including gas stations, church halls, and at sporting events. People can also place a bet on their favorite team or player through online games or other social media platforms. Some people are especially vulnerable to developing a gambling addiction, including those with low incomes who have more to gain from a big win, young people, and men.
Research shows that a combination of factors can contribute to the development of a gambling disorder, including impulsivity, sensation-and novelty-seeking, and negative moods like anxiety or depression. Because of these factors, people who struggle with a gambling disorder often report difficulty controlling their behavior and feel compelled to engage in the activity.
In addition to these biological factors, people who have a gambling disorder often find it difficult to resist urges and may hide their behaviors from others. They may be secretive about their gambling or lie to friends and family, which can lead to strained relationships and even legal problems.
Those who have a gambling disorder may be able to control their behavior by changing certain aspects of their life, such as limiting access to credit cards or other financial resources, avoiding alcohol and other drugs, and spending more time with friends who don’t gamble. In addition, those who have a gambling disorder can benefit from counseling and other treatment options, such as residential or inpatient programs.
When trying to help a loved one who struggles with a gambling disorder, it’s important to remember that the brain doesn’t fully mature until around age 25, so the person may still have good intentions. It’s also important to understand why they’re gambling — perhaps for coping reasons, or because it makes them feel more confident or relaxed. It can be helpful to learn more about how gambling works, so you can better understand the motivations of your loved one and avoid making harmful comments or judgments.
